Browsing by Author "Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond."

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Adoption of electronic banking distribution channels in South Africa: the Unified Theory of Acceptance and use of technology.
(2020) Nzama, Mbuso Emmanuel.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
Globally, every industry is on the path of a technological revolution that is radically shaping how people and organisations relate to the world and to one another. The Fourth Industrial Revolution’s (4IR) digital technologies are transforming supply chain management from a linear model to a more integrated model in which information flows in multiple directions. The invention of e-banking has provided customers with a whole new experience of banking services. In South Africa, banks have invested heavily in technological solutions. However, socio-economic complexities and challenges are slowing down the adoption of e-banking channels. This study examines the key determinants of the adoption and acceptance of electronic banking through the theoretical constructs of the extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model (UTAUT2). The first research objective of the study was to determine the magnitude of acceptance and utilisation of downstream electronic banking distribution channels by generation-based clients. The second objective was to determine the effect of the cultural factor, uncertainty avoidance, on the use of electronic banking distribution channels. The third objective was to establish the downstream supply chain customer experience on the underlying impact of facilitating conditions on electronic banking systems. The penultimate objective was to determine the degree to which the downstream electronic banking simplicity practice influences usage of electronic banking distribution channels. The final objective was to develop the integrated electronic banking model that influences the downstream site generation-based customers. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data in this study where the purposive and simple random samplings were selected. The study applied a quantitative approach to a 307 sample size of students doing post-graduate qualifications from three Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Durban. The collected data were analysed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate methods. The findings revealed that facilitating conditions, effort expectancy, and social influence are key determinants that explain the users’ adoption and use of e-banking channels in South Africa. The study also revealed that uncertainty avoidance influences the use of e-banking channels. The retail banks can use these findings to further improve their electronic channels feature in the future.
Brand naming for black owned fast moving consumer goods-small medium and micro enterprises in the KZN province: grounded theory approach.
(2022) Kunene, Lindiwe Nqobile.; Phiri, Maxwell Agabu.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
Brand names influence consumers’ purchase decisions and the success of Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) depends on strong brand names. Black-owned Small, Medium, and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) in South Africa in the FMCG industry struggle to compete with established brands, partly due to inadequate brand name choices. In the province of KwaZulu-Natal, as in the rest of South Africa, SMMEs are at the heart of the economic development agenda and FMCG industries are a significant part of this strategy. It is argued that FMCG-SMMEs can accelerate economic growth as they provide essential goods, on-demand at all times, even during pandemics like COVID-19 and in the face of poverty. This study sought to identify the brand naming practices applied by black-owned FMCG-SMMEs without being influenced by the expectations of existing, usually Western brand naming theories. Exploratory qualitative research methods were employed and Grounded Theory (GT) was used to create theories to define brand naming by black-owned FMCG-SMMEs in KwaZulu-Natal. Saturation was employed to set the parameters for the sample size. Data was collected by means of open-ended interviews and thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Data collection was guided by four objectives, namely, brand naming processes; strategies employed to select brand names; brand linguistic considerations including the use of African languages; and the socio-economic dimensions of the brand naming process. The study identified five steps in brand naming that are different from the Euro-American steps and similar to some East Asian steps. The seven strategies adopted by the FMCG-SMMEs included dimensions not commonly used in the West, including brand name motivation, promoting the family legacy in the form of selfnymic and childnymic practices, black economic consciousness and universality. Inrelation to linguistics, the study identified the use of the letter ‘d’ plosive, sound, semantics and fictitious words to define the role of language and brand naming by black-owned FMCG-SMMEs. In terms of socio-economic factors, it established that education and training programmes, as well as previous experience in a start-up business or as an employee influenced the brand naming practices of black-owned FMCG-SMMEs in KwaZulu-Natal.
Building dynamic capability through insourcing : a case of the University of KwaZulul-Natal (UKZN)
(2017) Mseleku, Zinhle Zandile.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
Dynamic capabilities are distinctive unique processes and activities that enable an organisation to produce an outcome. These practices are unique to each company/organisation and rooted in its history. These capabilities are captured not just in routines but in business models that go back decades and that are difficult to imitate. The study aims to examine the possible benefits to insourcing major activities and functions at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN). The main objective in this study is to analysis how dynamic capacity can be built through insourcing university activities and functions to improve overall performance, achieve operational excellence and improve service level. The study further analysis how internal integration and reconfiguration of in house function would develop a lean process and improve service level at UKZN. In South African universities, there has been consistence trends of protest insourcing and outsourcing of certain functions and activities. In UKZN, no study has been done on evaluating how performing activities and functions in-house strategy can achieve dynamic capability, operational excellence and improved service level. In ensuring that the goals of this study are achieved the qualitative research approach has been used which has been implemented using the exploratory research designs. Various data collection tools and methods have been used including conducting in-depth interviews, documentary and report analysis which have provided important data used for the study. In analysing the data collected the thematic analysis technique was employed which categorised the data into different themes, categories and codes. Information for qualitative research is being gathered from operational managers of every school (19 schools), supporting services (16 managers) and facilities (5 facilities) at all the four campuses at UKZN. The total number of sample size for interview ranges to 17 respondents. The main finding highlighted the long-term success of the insourcing in UKZN can be achieved by looking at the following recommendations which is; continuous investment on training and development; transparency, benchmarking and the use of data; process improvement simplification and standardisation and analysing procurement as a strategic asset.To achieve the key objective of the study this requires the institution to investigate and implement efficient initiatives that should be embedded within wider institutional strategies for ensuring the effectiveness and quality of higher education.
Challenges experienced when outsourcing logistics in South Africa: a case of Lolli Supermarkets.
(2019) Gwala, Siphindile Adora.; Ncube, Eric Dumisani.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
The effective and efficient operation of distribution centres is a goal for all retailers using the distribution centre strategy. It therefore becomes imperative to strategically position all available resources in order to achieve a smooth operation. This has led to the emergence of outsourced logistics service providers in South Africa to enhance efficiencies while retail organisations focus on the core functions of their business. Lolli Supermarkets makes use of third party logistics (3PL) service providers to achieve delivery efficiencies and cost saving in the distribution centre. The aim of the study is to identify challenges and determine where 3PL service providers are fulfilling their strategic role and where they experience challenges that result in the provision of suboptimal services to distribution centres. This study further attempts to achieve the following: firstly, to identify the challenges Lolli Supermarkets experience with its reliance on 3PLs. Secondly, to determine whether 3PL service providers are fulfilling their strategic role to improve order replenishment. Lastly, to determine whether Lolli Supermarkets are experiencing challenges with 3PL service providers with regards to product availability and as a result provision of suboptimal services by the 3PL service provider. This allows the study to analyse the impact of outsourcing in retail organisations while also evaluating any changes that may be encountered under developing economy conditions. An exploratory design was used to identify the challenges that result in suboptimal services provided by 3PL service providers. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data collected from sixteen respondents who form part of Lolli Supermarkets management and two respondents who form part of management of the 3PL. The main findings reveal that 3PL service providers commit to creating efficiencies for the distribution centre through adhering to outbound plans, having service levels agreements in place, meeting the set key performance indicators, maintaining information flow to align goals of both parties, and operating in the most flexible manner to achieve efficient product delivery and enhance customer satisfaction. However, there are challenges that arise due to fluctuations in outbound volumes, communication breakdown, unpunctuality and the limited number of trucks available for use.
Challenges of management performance in managing a professional team: a case of AmaZulu Football Club.
(2018) Machela, Tsepo.; Kunene, Lindiwe Nqobile.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
The face value of owning a professional football club in South Africa reflects a lucrative business. The compounding claim is that the majority of football club owners are either former footballers themselves or philanthropists with a love for the sport. The general observation reveals that club owners in this industry do not employ managers with necessary high education, knowledge and skills to manage the club, unlike in the case of white-collar corporates. The current practice has a negative financial implications for the club performance, survival and growth. The onus for management of professional club is to establish congruency of performance goals and objectives between personnel and overall organisational objectives. The objective of the study is to determine extent of effective and efficient management of the financial functions in the professional club. The study seeks to evaluate whether the AmaZulu Football Club (AFC) performs to the objectives of satisfying supporters and fans, interpreted as customers. The study further attempts to analyse whether learning and development at the club promote employees’ innovation. Lastly, the study seeks to determine whether internal processes assist the AFC to achieve a competitive advantage status. A mixed-method approach has been chosen as the strategy to attend on research objectives. Qualitative data was extracted from twelve members of the management team in the AmaZulu Football Club (AFC), and four executives from corporate sponsors of the AFC were also interviewed. Quantitative data was extracted from three hundred and eighty-five (385) customers or fans of the AFC. The NVIVO software package assists to analyse qualitative data using thematic analysis method. The SPSS software package assist to analyse quantitative data using descriptive statistics. The study findings indicate that the financial function manifests efficiently and effectively managed for future financial viability of the club. However, the study found that management handling of performance and productivity of the club was at an unsatisfactory level. The study further found that the organisation was not innovative enough to be competitive. The internal processes are operating below the competitor’s performance, making the club less competent and productive to meet customers and fans expectations. The implications of an executive sponsor should offer strategic guidance and create conditions that can link the AFC to new markets. The club should create an efficient internal system that can elicit effective productivity from the available resources.
Demand chain planning operations within capacity constraints : Nestlé ZAR.
(2017) Mtshali, Nontobeko Nontokozo.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
Organisations are currently faced with difficulties in effectively aligning demand plans to the volatile environments in which they operate. While operating environments and consumer needs change, capacity capabilities often do not reflect the demand plans. The absence of alignment results in inaccurate forecasts, thus putting the long-term sustainability of a business at risk. The focus and aim of the study is to understand how demand planning operations are aligned with capacity constraints at Nestlé ZAR. A quantitative explorative case study research design is being used and data was collected through a structured self-administered questionnaire in this study. The final sample size is 86, which comprised of employees from Demand and Supply Planning, Finance and Control, Sales and Marketing divisions. The sample includes top management, middle management, first level management and non-management. Data analysis uses descriptive and multivariate statistics. Ethical clearance was obtained from the University Ethics Committee and ethical principles were observed throughout the study. The study findings show that the organisation of interest in this study was perceived as adhering to capacity planning principles. The majority of the respondents perceived positively the capacity demand planning process. An average of 50% scored 22, which indicated a relatively high positive perception with regards to demand chain principles. The majority of the participants responded positively to the statements that information sharing achieves demand chain coordination and improves collaborative demand planning. An average of 50% scored 24, which indicated a relatively high positive perception with regards to information sharing. The results showed few capacity constraints that were perceived or experienced in this organisation. An average of 50% scored 17 which indicated that a moderate number of participants experience capacity constraints. Although the Spearman correlation did not sure any significant relationship between variables of interest in this study, the findings showed a wide range in the distribution of the responses of the participants in some items. This study highlighted that there is no one single approach to improving demand chain performance, but it was evident that allowing collaborative demand plans by using quality information shared can reduce impact of capacity constraints and improve planning performance. This study recommended that top management should provide full support to information sharing initiatives to facilitate the demand planning process. A national study to be conducted as this was conducted in one province, with a limited sample size. Keywords: Demand chain, information sharing, capacity.
Digital supply chain distribution of music in the South Africa recording industry : Durban region.
(2015) Ramnandan, Praveena.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
The advent of the Internet as a music distribution channel led to significant transformation of the South African music industry at the end of the twentieth century. The Internet and electronic supply chain systems influences customers to migrate from physical product offerings to digital downloading platforms that offer access to digitalised music distribution and quasi-real-time consumption. While technological innovations have enhanced the digital distribution of music online, distribution systems have become a challenge within the supply chain network. This study aims to determine the implications of the paradigm shift in supply chain music distribution from analogue to digital. This research study has five objectives: firstly, to explore the challenges confronting the supply chain transition from analogue to digital music distribution systems; secondly, to examine the distribution operations processes for the digitalisation of music in relation to the effects of global market demand; thirdly, to evaluate the effects of supply chain value adding innovations in influencing digitalised music distribution and consumption in the recording industry; fourthly, to establish the extent of technological viability to which the Diffusion of Innovation theory enhances supply chain distribution competitiveness; and finally to assess the relative magnitude of supply chain competence and capability response to digital supply chain music distribution. The researcher selected an exploratory research design to explore digital music distribution in the South African recording industry. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate statistical analysis techniques are employed to analyse the data collected from 217 musicians. This study reveals several elements arising from the growth of digital music distribution in the Durban region, and makes a scholarly contribution to the promotion of the South African digital music market. The results provides support for: the disintermediation of physical retail stores which are perceived as the driver of digital music distribution; an increase in the number of independent artists and music entrepreneurs; and technologically compatible media devices that encourage more music downloads. The tools provided by the Internet inspire musicians to engage in creative music innovation, thereby creating global competitive standards. The study’s recommendations provides further insight and understanding of the digital music distribution sector.
Dimensions of supply risks in the supply of water: a case of Zululand District Municipality.
(2017) Khuzwayo, Sebenzile Ayanda.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
Increasing water shortage is providing an imperative to the measurement of water utilisation. So as to give a sensible picture of utilisation, this measurement ought to incorporate the operational activities of the municipality as well as to view from an end to end supply chain point of view. This study, subsequently, aimed to investigate the supply risks in the supply of water of the Zululand District Municipality. The study has four objectives; firstly to establish the degree of balance between water supply and demand characterized by driving forces of service delivery; secondly to determine the extent of supply risk management of water within the restraining forces of the Zululand District Municipality; thirdly to determine the magnitude response capacity of the Zululand District Municipality to mitigate the supply risk of water delivery; and lastly to analyse whether the integration of service delivery activities enhance the supply component of water. The case study is exploratory and a thematic analysis approach was adopted after gathering information through an in-depth interview. It became evident in this research that district municipalities lack the capacity to deliver water services due to a variety of supply chain risks faced by the municipality. The study also showed that the region is confronted with various risks with regard to supplying water to the community members of the surrounding area. The implications of water shortage negatively affect the livelihood and enhancement of the people neighbouring the Zululand region. Key concepts: Water Shortage, Water Supply, Service Delivery, Supply Risk Management, Supply Chain Risk
Dynamics of capacity constraints in managing throughput quality at honours level: University of KwaZulu-Natal.
(2015) Nkondo, Mbonya.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
ABSTRACT The throughput quality of Honours degree students seems to be hampered by a number of factors arising from institutional capacity constraints, whose dynamics have had an impact on the throughput quality of Honours degree students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN). The aim/purpose of this study was to identify the capacity constraints that hinder these students from achieving high levels of academic performance within their respective Honours degrees. The theory of constraints (TOC) was used as an investigative tool for identifying ways in which these constraints could be alleviated from the system at UKZN. The academic practical importance is evident in the fact that it contributes a wealth of knowledge regarding student experience in a university, which can be modelled with other respective institutions. The results should assist UKZN in identifying and alleviating the various factors that impede Honours students from achieving high levels of academic performance. A survey of male and female Honours students (aged 15 to 33 and above) found that technological systems at UKZN do not often operate at high speeds. This study adopted a unique approach by involving the Honours students in research that has a direct impact on their institution of education. The results provide support for the conceptual framework in that Honours students face institutional resource challenges as they pursue their Honours degree. The major findings of this study were tied in the funding and budget shortfalls of the university and the lack of capacity in accommodation. This study has contributed to the University of KwaZulu-Natal and other universities because it has identified what honours students experience as resource constraints at their university. UKZN is not an isolated case because other universities around the country, as well as globally, face similar resource challenges.
Dynamics of demand order management on the Just in Time approach: a case at a stationery distributor.
(2017) Maharaj, Serisha.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
The challenges of demand order management on the underlying Just in Time (JIT) approach need a long-term solution in order to reduce expenses and enhance supply chain performance. Demand management is a very important aspect of managing one’s organisation, especially in the presence of a volatile environment, full of competitors, global pressures and sustainability requirements. Thus, organisations are placed in a position where it has become necessary to implement strategies such as the JIT approach to meet demand with minimal resources and costs. Poor demand management decisions taken in forecasting therefore increase business risk and costs. The study aims to establish the effect of information sharing and collaborative forecasting within an organisation. The demand alignment may pose some problems leading to inefficiency in customer service, poor stock rotation and a high obsolescence rate aggravated by the diversity of products. Demand management sought the rapid and appropriate integration of the needs arising from the market in the direction of the suppliers in order to balance and strategically align demand with operational capacity along the supply chain. However, the concept of demand management is not yet understood by supply chain agents as the major cause of failure is accredited to not achieving chain coordination due to the poor understanding of demand leading to inadequate customer service, poor stock rotation and large obsolescence rates. The main aspects underpinning this study are: demand management; JIT; order fulfilment; information sharing; order synchronisation; and demand order variability and flexibility, and forecasting. The objectives of the study are: to determine the challenges of dynamic demand management under the JIT order fulfilment system; to establish the effects of information sharing and collaborative forecasting for efficient operational demand management; to explore the extent of demand order variability and flexibility on the underlying JIT system; and to analyse the role of order synchronisation fulfilment to facilitate the balanced alignment of demand and supply order management. The nature of this study suggests the use of an exploratory case study design to explore the dynamics of demand management with the JIT system employed by the organisation under study. A qualitative research approach was used in this study as it added more value when determining the issues faced in the organisation. The study was conducted in KwaZulu-Natal at the Durban head office. The sampling type employed was purposive sampling. The total sample size is three. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were used as a means of data collection. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data in the primary qualitative research in this study. The findings of this study suggest that communication and real-time data are matters of concern. These factors contribute to the poor demand management in the organisation. The results indicate that improvements in these aspects are imperative to the success of demand management processes. Effective management of communication between departments is recommended as well as more involvement from top management. Information systems that provide real time data should also be adopted. The managerial implications indicate that demand management does not depend on one specific department and is the responsibility of every supply chain member involved in the supply chain network as synchronisation plays a vital role in the balancing of demand and supply.
The dynamics of lean and green logistics systems within the Durban road freight network.
(2014) Pillay, Kubeshree.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
Green supply chain management is a recent development that ensures sustainability within supply chain networks. Organisations are under pressure to adapt their business operations in line with the triple bottom line; this integrates environmental, societal and economic considerations. The logistics sector is not immune to these pressures. This industry has made an important contribution to economic growth and development and global institutions now emphasise the role that logistics and transportation activities play in the broader supply chain. However, eco-consciousness can erode profit margins due to the high cost of investment in green assets. Maximising value to customers and minimising cost and the impact on the environment requires a balanced strategic plan. Businesses have therefore renewed their efforts to implement lean practices that seek to minimise wastage, while retaining value added activities that contribute to a sustainable supply chain. This study examines the dynamics of lean and green logistics systems within the Durban road freight network. The aim of this study is to assist industry leaders, researchers and the broader society to understand the nature of lean and green logistics unique to logistics providers operating in Durban. This study has four objectives; firstly to understand the effects of lean logistics within the Durban road freight network, secondly to examine the dynamics of lean logistics in relation to costs; thirdly to identify the opportunities arising from the implementation of green logistics; and lastly to evaluate the relationship between lean practices and green diffusion in logistics systems. The researcher has chosen an exploratory research design to investigate the relationship between lean and green logistics. Various univariate, bivariate and multivariate statistical analysis techniques are employed to analyse the data collected from 210 respondents. This study reveals several elements that arise from the implementation of lean logistics in the Durban region. This includes lean warehousing and optimum warehousing functions that are seen as a driver of lean initiatives, where JIT strategies and lean profitability feature strongly amongst these findings. Company policy and technological advances are key factors for transport optimisation for lean and green implementation. Logistics businesses could grow from strength to strength by internalising their lean practices through externalising the application of green. Sustainability is internationally acknowledged as a prerequisite for business and South Africa needs to play catch up. The recommendations suggested by the researcher will provide insight and further understanding to the logistics sector, during the implementation of both lean and green in a logistics system vastly characterised by high cost constraints.
Dynamics of short-term operations scheduling in systematic supply chain distribution centres.
(2014) Jojozi, Fani Nicholas.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
A warehouse or distribution centre has a key and vital role to play in the success of modern supply chains within business in recent times – where the term ‘warehouse’ is referred to as the commercial buildings for buffering and storing of goods. Cross docking on the other hand is more concerned with the minimisation of transportation costs within the supply chain. In as much as it is a warehouse, cross docking looks at the transit of shipment of inbound goods to their prescribed destination within a period of less than 24 hours with no intention of keeping an inventory. One of the motivating facts that drive warehouses and distribution centres into being more efficient are the customer demands to deliver the requested shipments on time, in the right quantity, in the right place with affordable price. In this study, the researcher analyses the dynamics of short-term scheduling in systematic supply chain distribution centres. The aim is to understand inbound and outbound operations, internal information sharing and to understand the role of short-term scheduling on resolving bottleneck. The phenomena of short-term scheduling is modeled by efficient scheduling of trucks, challenges encountered from inbound right through to outbound and the magnitude of information sharing within and among supply chain partners.
The effect of omni-distribution systems in managing demand order fulfilment frequencies : an apparel retailer.
(2016) Rambaran, Sanjana.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
There is no gainsaying that the world of business is characterised by its own set of commercial dynamics. It is within this milieu that the study explores the emerging strategies that characterise the world of commerce with its myriad challenges. In the prevailing commercial environment it is observed that retailers are adopting the omni-channel approach as customers demand a more seamless shopping experience. To remain competitive, distribution networks are challenged to fulfil volatile customer demand from the omni-channel. South African retailers have taken to digital platforms despite barriers to entry in respect of the high cost of broad band and logistics challenges The research objectives of this study aim firstly, to determine the effects of omni-channel retail adoption by retail apparel companies in managing the transformation of the supply chain retail distribution systems; secondly, to examine the extent of relative change in demand to which the distribution systems enhance frequencies of order fulfilment, lead time and cycle time and fill rate; thirdly, to ascertain how the demand-driven omni-distribution systems influence the order fulfilment frequencies in a designated supply chain network; and finally, to establish the perceived contribution of integrated information systems towards information sharing and visibility within the virtual omni-distribution network. Omni-channel retailing is a contemporary topic with very little literature available especially in a South African context. The study employs deductive reasoning with the use of an exploratory case study which adopts a mixed-method approach. The exploratory nature of the study involves the exploration of new phenomena to understand the relationship between variables using interviews and a survey to collect data. Based on a population of 333 managers from 161 stores, 175 assistant store managers, store managers and area managers were surveyed and 13 senior managers and directors from Retailer X and the third party logistics (3PL) were interviewed. The univariate and bivariate methods were used for quantitative analysis while content analysis was used in the qualitative approach. The study reveals that the dispersed landscape and spectrum of cost consciousness to convenience focused customers warrants a customized distribution approach for South African retailers. Using the principles of leagility under the push-pull theory, cost and lead time has to be managed to achieve perfect order fulfilment.
Effects of bottlenecks on graduation ceremonies : case of University of KwaZulu-Natal.
(2018) Ngubane, Lindokuhle Alex.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
Graduation ceremony plays a vital role in the lives of the individuals and families, as it is a much-revered ritual in educational institutions everywhere. Effective planning for better utilisation of available resources as well as accurate scheduling set of activities remain essential as it improve the flow of operations processes. The amplitude in staging graduation ceremonies epitomises a bottleneck effect, which reveals a number of mischievous problems through the supply chain networks. As graduands leave the ceremonies after receiving their certificates without the event even finishing, this has caused inefficiencies and the bottlenecks in the processes and flow of operations, due to the improper planning and information sharing for graduands. This study investigates selected graduands from College of Law and Management, IT and Governance, with emphasis in Supply Chain Management, Marketing and Management only at Westville campus. The effect of collaborative relationships remains the central hypothesis for instant information sharing on graduation planning, scheduling and flow of operations processes across supply chain trading partners. The main objective aims to determine bottlenecks experienced at graduation ceremonies, possibilities of collaborative relationships, staging graduation ceremonies and strategies to which reduced process bottlenecks can have on the process efficiency of the graduation ceremonies. The seamless linkages between supply chain partners seem to entrench effective planning for better information flow in graduation scheduling to improve the flow of operations processes. The study uses mixed methods to collect data. The quantitative approach uses frequency distributions to analyse individual variables. The qualitative approach uses thematic analysis to analyse respondent from Corporate Relations Division. The study found empirical research evidence on the optimised information sharing through collaborative planning, forecasting and replenishment model that graduation ceremonies can fastidiously adapt to engage graduands in staging their graduation ceremonies. The study discovered that (84%) of respondents are of conviction that UKZN graduation ceremonies are missing out on memorable experiences that could be lived on graduation due to bottleneck effects. The study also found that majority of the respondents (79%) agreed that collaborative relationships have a significant role to play in mitigating the graduation bottlenecks and on the entire supply chain networks. The managerial implications indicated that the supply chain efficiency and integration is the responsibility of each individual supply chain partner involved in a graduation ceremony.
Effects of intermodal transportation networks on the inbound and outbound Durban containerisation.
(2014) Govender, Nerissa.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
The use of containers can be noted to focus entirely on the transportation of shipments with the use of intermodal networks. Those intermodal transportation networks commonly utilise inbound (sea networks) and outbound (road networks) frameworks. The structural design of the Durban Port facilitates movement and creates a transitional configuration of networks to function. The objectives of this study aim to understand the effects of capacity constraints on transitional inbound and outbound containerisation within the Durban harbour intermodal networks. It further attempts to establish the intermodal relationship of containerisation between the transitional shipping and road freight transportation networks. Finally, to examine the role of the Durban Port customs system in cargo clearing and forwarding processes. The nature of this study will be triangulation where both qualitative and quantitative studies are being used. The current logistical system in Durban has negatively impacted the transportation sector. Therefore, there is a need for developmental and strategic approaches to ensure that infrastructure is maintained and improved to accommodate the increase in international trade. The factors contributing to containerisation in relation to transitional transportation networks can create negative elemental designs, especially with the increase in global trade. Overweight containers can lead to mishandling and incorrect stowage capabilities on board shipping vessels. Deficiencies in technological systems such as the newly introduced NAVIS SPARCS increase the chances of longer standing time and cargo dwelling time. These systems were meant to streamline the movement of cargo from inbound to outbound; instead, there have been significant capacity constraints. Such constraints experienced at the Durban Port have led to congestion that has weakened business development. Delivery and cycle time have lengthened, resulting in inefficient service delivery on the part of facilitators and forwarding agents. The outbound transportation networks have struggled to maintain efficient and effective delivery time and service status due to their inability to facilitate the timeous movement of containers through customs for final delivery.
The effects of university staff's perceptions of corporate social responsibility in the life assurance industry on their propensity to purchase life assurance products.
(2004) Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.; Coldwell, David A. L.
Whether the clients were in pretty good health or very good health, the clients would generally pay the same price. But now insurers are looking more closely at the healthiest customers, understanding that someone who is not overweight, and who has low cholesterol and no family history of major medical conditions is a better risk than the average person.
Electronic supply chain management systems in managing the bullwhip effect on selected fast moving consumer goods.
(2014) Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.; Phiri, Maxwell Agabu.
The amplitude in order variability as orders surge upstream a supply chain epitomises a phenomenon commonly called the bullwhip effect. The real consumer demand orders are comparatively and tentatively evinced less variability while trading supply chain members on the midstream and upstream stages experience the amplified order vacillations. The oscillator effect reveals a number of pernicious problems throughout the supply chain networks, as downstream sites include harmful bloated inventory and shortages with poor customer service, and the midstream and upstream sites depict the disharmonic capacity on improper planning and inconsistent scheduling in production. This study investigates the selected fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry on the amplified consumer demand order variability as orders cascade from downstream (retailers) to the midstream as well as upstream sites of the supply chain network.The effect of electronically-enabled supply chain management (e-SCM) systems remains the central hypothesis for instant information sharing on inventory positioning, integrated supply chain management processes and improved profitability through positive performance targets and outcomes across supply chain trading partners. The main objective aims to understand the on extent of the relationship to which the phenomenon of bullwhip effect can be explained by e-SCM system diffusion, optimal inventory positioning, strategic information sharing and global optimisation strategies. These seamless linkages between supply chain partners seem to entrench velocity on quasi-real-time information flow in consumer demand and supply sides, inventory status and availability, and capacity availability. This study found empirical research evidence on e-SCM systems that retail supply chain businesses have fastidiously adapted to technology clockspeed for the last five years. The majority of the respondents (92%) for both upstream and downstream echelon categories agreed that e-SCM systems have a significant role to play in mitigating the consumer demand order variability in the supply chain network. This study further discovered that the migration from in-house IT systems to integrated e-SCM systems (65%) would entrench close integration of information exchange and processes across different parts of the organisation and inter-organisational linkages. The e-SCM systems diffusion also depicted a positive linear relationship to the extent to which the organisations efficiently and timeously communicate the future strategic needs and demand order replenishments throughout the entire supply chain network. However, the access to advance economic information negatively related to e-SCM systems with the virtue of legal constraints and template-based information attachments.
An evaluation of the implementation of the performance management and development system : a case study of the Department of Home Affairs in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal.
(2018) Ngobeni, Lindiwe Sheron.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
In government, mere traditional administration focuses on executing government tasks. However, the question of efficient and effective performance management has not been addressed, in spite of it assuming more importance today in driving the goals and objectives of organisations. As such, this study centers on the Performance Management and Development System (PMDS) in the public sector in general and in the Department of Home Affairs (DHA), in particular, to assess the effectiveness and how the system is being implemented. The qualitative research design was conducted through a case study approach underpinned by a performance management system model as a conceptual framework of the study which draws on key performance dimensions including the setting of objectives, measuring performance, feedback of performance results, reward system, as well as amendments to performance objectives and activities. The study site was DHA in the Durban offices. Data was collected through interviews and analysed through content and thematic data analysis techniques. The general view emanating from this study is that there is not enough knowledge of the PMDS even amongst senior members of management. Amongst those with enough understanding and knowledge, implementation of the system has not been effective, since there are elements of mistrust, misconceptions, and lack of interest, as the exercise is viewed by some as a mere formality which does not impact on the employee and service delivery. Overall, the study discovered that the ‘business-as-usual’ attitude pervades the DHA. Finally, the study recommends that the DHA should hire more manpower within the organization in order to ensure segregation of duties and avoid officials multitasking which makes it difficult to assess them as there are no clear boundaries of duties. It is further recommended in the study that it should be made compulsory for employees to understand and appreciate the vision, mission, as well as the strategic objective of the DHA for every period under review, in order to ensure that performance objectives set are attained. Furthermore, it is recommended that continuous training on PMDS be maintained as an organisation culture.
Factors inhibiting safety practises in warehouse operations: a case of Sonwabo Logistics.
(2021) Mdlalose, Sinethemba Sibahle.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
The most prevalent challenge in warehouse operations is the high number of safety incidents and injuries. Among other factors, warehouse employees are constantly subjected to risk factors pertaining to safety practises whilst performing their daily functions. The goal, therefore, should be to identify the gap between current safety systems and the acceptable safety standards to identify ways to keep warehouse incidents to a bare minimum. In this way, organisations can carefully direct their resources and focus on the employee engagement with the current systems and operational procedures. The main purpose of this study is to determine the factors that inhabit safety practice in warehouse operations at Sonwabo logistics. The objectives of the study were to identify safety practises in retail warehousing operations; to identify factors inhibiting the effective workplace safety practises in warehouse operations; to examine whether the safety legislative section, standard operating procedures, and housekeeping strategy influence warehouse safety levels and to determine the extent to which warehouse mechanisation and automation influence employee safety for materials handling and ergonomics. The study used an exploratory case study research design using non-probability sampling that utilises both convenience and purposive sampling. Using the purposive sampling method, fourteen employees with expert knowledge of the subject matter were selected as sample size. Primary data was collected using semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions which were distributed electronically. By employing interview questions, interviewees could establish critical factors that affect effective workplace safety operational standards. A total of 14 responses were received and deemed usable for the analysis. Personnel from the inbound, outbound logistics, risk management, operations control, and human resources departments were chosen for the sample. Using the Nvivo themes and patterns. The study found that safety practises are usually not followed by employees, and they only exist on paper. Additionally, there was evidence of a misalignment between health and safety requirements and daily operational activities. Based on the research findings, negligence, insufficient training, inadequate supply of Personal Protective Equipment and signage are the prevailing factors that hinder the effectiveness of workplace safety practises in retail warehouse operations. On average, the respondents agreed with the OHSA that it is the responsibility of the employer to enforce the legislative requirements while it is the employee’s responsibility to comply with the health and safety standards that are put in place. Furthermore, the results revealed that even though Distribution Centres understand the importance of safety practises, finances are being channelled to warehouse mechanisation and automation while safety practises are being overlooked. The study concluded that the factors affecting workplace safety are still prevalent and need to be reinforced further to maintain zero tolerance for workplace injuries.
Fleet decarbonisation for sustainable transport initiative: a case of V-Polizza.
(2022) Ndawonde, Thandiswa Nkosingithandile.; Mbhele, Thokozani Patmond.
Abstract available in PDF.