Exploring teachers’ understanding and practices of integration of information and communication technology in teaching accounting.

Abstract

The evolution of technology in the education sector has resulted in greater recognition of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the classroom to transform teaching and learning worldwide. This study explored Accounting teachers’ understanding and practices of integration of ICT in teaching Accounting in Umlazi District, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The literature indicates that ICT has been adopted by the education sector worldwide and most countries have ICT policy frameworks to guide teachers on ICT integration. Nevertheless, in developing countries including South Africa, policies have failed to meet the aims of ICT integration in teaching and learning and teachers face barriers such as lack of professional training, resources, and technical support. To complement the literature, the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) theoretical framework and the Unified Theoryof Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) conceptual framework informed the empirical inquiry. An explanatory sequential mixed method study aimed to determine Accounting teachers’ understanding and practices of ICT integration in teaching Accounting in Umlazi District. Quantitative data were collected through a self-designed questionnaire and qualitative data through focus group discussions, observations and semi-structured interviews. Multiple sampling strategies were used to select the sample for the questionnaire and participants for focus group discussions, classroom observation and individual interviews. Quantitative data were analysed through Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and qualitative data were analysed thematically. The findings indicated that Accounting teachers are aware of selected technologies, namely, tablets, laptops, computers, copier machines, printers, digital cameras, scanners, LCD panels and/ or data projectors, and video conferencing systems. However, their understanding and use is limited. However, Accounting teachers are proficient with word processing, the internet and e-mail used mainly for personal communication. Teachers often use a smartphone and WhatsApp for teaching Accounting. Findings showed thebenefits of integrating ICT in teaching, such as improving teaching and learning through innovations. Barriers are lack of professional training, technical support and resources, theft, power outages and limited teaching time. Smartphones constitute a frequently used and efficient technology tool in teaching Accounting. This study suggests a connective pedagogy to promote smartphones and social media platforms in teaching Accounting.