Analysis of co-infection of human immunodeficiency virus with human papillomavirus.

Abstract

We formulate a deterministic mathematical model for the co-infection of HPV with HIV without treatment. Mathematical techniques were used to analyze the stability of the models in terms of basic reproduction numbers for disease-free equilibrium point and fixed point theory used for analysis of the endemic equilibrium point. The model incorporating HIV and HPV co-infection sought to investigate the impact of HIV infection in the natural history of HPV infection, and the impact of HPV infection in the natural history of HIV infection, over a period of time. Numerical simulations were carried out to illustrate the trends of progression of HIV and HPV in the case of co-infection. The results from our study showed that when both HIV and HPV infected individuals are active in the system then co-infection grows faster compared to one infection which is active in the system. Our study also showed that when we started with HPV infection in the community and introduces HIV infection after sometime has more impact in the growth of co-infection population compared to start with HIV infection and introduces HPV infection after sometime in the community.