The role of black women in shaping Soweto's methodism (1950-2000): uncovering hidden narratives of black women in a racial society through feminist critical historiography.

Abstract

In the vibrant community of Soweto, where the rhythm of life pulses with resilience, the stories of our ancestors remain enduring beacons of survival. Yet, dominant historiographies of Southern African mainstream history and Christianity marginalise, misrepresent or erase the contributions of Black women, particularly within Methodist traditions. Despite comprising a significant majority and active participation in many Christian denominations, women’s historical roles and leadership in Soweto’s Methodism remain undervalued. Since the late twentieth century, African feminist theologians and historians have made significant strides in highlighting and vocalising women’s theological and social agency. However, most studies approach Black Methodist women’s experiences from broad continental or national perspectives, leaving gaps in localised historical analyses. This study intends to address that gap by uncovering the hidden narratives of Black Methodist women in Soweto between 1950 and 2000. It critically examines how their spirituality, social agency, leadership, and resistance to apartheid and patriarchy shaped Methodism in this context - five decades of struggle, resistance, and transformation. Guided by feminist critical historiography, the study draws on three oral history case studies- oral testimonies, archival materials, and church records to challenge historical erasure. The findings reveal that Black women in Soweto were not passive observers, but central figures whose presence, spiritual leadership, and talents drove the growth of Methodist congregations. Their persistent advocacy for justice contributed significantly to broader social transformation. The novelty of this study lies in its explicit focus on local narratives, recognising these women as dynamic and unique agents of ecclesial, social, and political change. By applying feminist historiography to Soweto’s unique socio-political and religious landscape, the study contributes to the contemporary feminist theology and church leadership discourse. It calls upon scholars, ecclesiastics, and policymakers to acknowledge women’s integral contributions and to reimagine church history and leadership through more inclusive, just, and contextually grounded lenses.