The use of potato and maize disease prediction models using automatic weather stations to time fungicide applications in KwaZulu-Natal.
| dc.contributor.advisor | Caldwell, Patricia May. | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Savage, Michael John. | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Quinn, Nevil Wyndham. | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Laing, Mark Delmege. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Van Rij, Neil Craig. | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2012-08-31T09:35:10Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2012-08-31T09:35:10Z | |
| dc.date.created | 2003 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2003 | |
| dc.description | Thesis (M.Sc.Agric.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2003. | en |
| dc.description.abstract | Maize grey leaf spot (GLS), caused by Cercospora zeae-maydis, and potato late blight (LB), caused by Phytophthora infestans, are foliar diseases of maize and potato, two of the most widely grown crops in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), after sugarcane and timber. Commercial maize in KZN accounts for just on 4.3% of the national maize crop. This is worth R563 million using an average of the yellow and white maize price for the 2001/02 season (at R1 332.87 ton(-1)). In 2003 KZN produced about 5% of the national potato crop (summer crop: 7531 300 10kg pockets from 2243 hectares). This equates to a gross value of R89.4 million based on an average price of R1 188 ton(-1) in 2001. Successful commercial production of maize and potatoes depends upon control of these diseases by translaminar fungicides with highly specific modes of action. This study extends an existing model available for timing of fungicide sprays for GLS and tests and compares two LB models for two calendar-based spray programmes. The study also evaluated the use of an early blight model which is caused by Alternaria solani, and over the single season of evaluation showed potential for use in KZN. For the GLS model it was found that a number of refinements are needed, e.g., the amount of infected maize stubble at planting and not the total amount of maize residue at planting. Based on two years' data, it was found that for the LB models there are no significant differences in levels of control between using a predicted fungicide programme and a calendar-based programme. The importance of knowing initial infection sites, and hence initial inoculum, was demonstrated. This led to the creation of a KZN LB incidence map, now being used to more accurately time the start of a preventative spray programme and to time the inclusion of systemic fungicides in the preventative spray programme. This study has contributed to the further development and expansion of the Automatic Weather Station Network (AWSN) at Cedara, which now comprises 15 automatic weather stations in KZN. The AWSN is currently used to aid farmers and advisers in decision-making regarding fungicide spray timing for GLS and LB. | en |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10413/6259 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_ZA | en |
| dc.subject | Fungicides. | en |
| dc.subject | Maize--Diseases and pests--Control. | en |
| dc.subject | Cercospora. | en |
| dc.subject | Cercospora zeae-maydis. | en |
| dc.subject | Potatoes--Diseases and pests--Control. | en |
| dc.subject | Phytophthora infestans. | en |
| dc.subject | Phytophthora diseases. | en |
| dc.subject | Fungal diseases of plants. | en |
| dc.subject | Theses--Plant pathology. | en |
| dc.title | The use of potato and maize disease prediction models using automatic weather stations to time fungicide applications in KwaZulu-Natal. | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | en |