Spatial utilisation, habitat selection and population status of the wild dog (Lycaon pictus) population in Hluhluwe Umfolozi Park.
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Date
1996
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Abstract
The African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) was reintroduced into Hluhluwe Umfolozi Park (HUP) in
1980/81 after an absence of over 50 years. A 'hands off' management approach was applied.
Although the reintroduction is regarded as successful, the population has not increased
significantly and still only consists of a single pack. Various aspects which may affect this
population were investigated to compile an active management strategy. Home range analyses
identified extensive use of a home range which covered only 22.7 % of HUP and was situated
entirely in Hluhluwe Game Reserve. The extensive movements of the dogs within their home
range were primarily dictated by the movements and distribution of their prey species, especially
nyala (Tragelaphus angasu) and impala (Aepyceros melampus). Forest habitats were preferred,
but all available habitat types were utilised extensively by the wild dogs. Space and habitat were
both considered to have no limiting effect on this population and HUP has sufficient space and
suitable habitat to support a larger population of L. pictus. A number of potentially pathogenic
antigens were identified in the population, indicating that it had been exposed to these at some
time. Domestic dogs in the areas surrounding HUP were identified as the most likely source of
these diseases which pose a threat to the wild dogs. Some genetic considerations are discussed
in terms of their effect on the population status and management of the wild dogs. A number of management proposals based on the results of the project were formulated. It is suggested that
an active management approach be adopted for the population. This includes managing it as part
of a metapopulation which primarily involves the exchange of genetic material among similar wild
dog populations on a regular basis. The immediate supplementation of the population with new
genetic material is proposed.
Description
Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1996.
Keywords
Lycaon pictus--KwaZulu-Natal--Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Park., Wild dogs., Theses--Zoology.