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School of Accounting, Economics and Finance

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Browsing School of Accounting, Economics and Finance by SDG "SDG3"

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    Health expenditure, health outcomes and productivity in sub-Saharan Africa: sustainable thresholds, moderation and forecasting.
    (2023) Adegoke, Yetunde Oluranti.; George, Gavin Lloyd.; Mbonigaba, Josue.
    SSA is known to be confronting distinctive health problems and growth challenges, thereby, inadequate health expenditure, poor health outcomes and their implications for productivity require investigation. This situation persists despite evidence-related policy produced in the past, suggesting the need to investigate further the nature of the relationship between interrelated variables. This study aims to investigate the nonlinear effect of PHE on health outcomes and the moderating role of education on health outcomes, forecast the performance of different PHE scenarios in achieving the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), examine the effect of PHE and health outcomes on TFP and assess the moderating role of education in the relationship between PHE and TFP. The study utilizes various techniques including Panel spatial correlation consistent-ordinary least squares (PSCC-OLS and PSCC-FE) for Objective One, Feasible quasi-generalized least squares (FQGLS) for Objective Two. Fixed and random models, panel two-stage least squares (P2SLS), and panel threshold regression for Objective Three. System panel generalized method of moments (GMM) for Objective four. This study concludes a nonlinear relationship between PHE and health outcomes exists. Furthermore, the interaction of PHE and education would improve health outcomes. Second, an overall increase in PHE by 30% would achieve the SDG target of 70 maternal deaths in only Botswana, Namibia and South Africa. In addition, about 60% of the countries in SSA might be able to achieve the SDG target for child mortality by the year 2030. Third, including PHE and health outcomes into the TFP framework would guarantee a further increase in TFP growth in SSA, and a threshold level of PHE above 3.5% of the GNP could achieve better health outcomes and a further increase in TFP growth in SSA. Fourth, the interactive impact of PHE and education might cause an improvement in TFP in SSA. The study pioneers the investigation of nonlinear, threshold, moderating, forecasting and collaborative effect of PHE, the information is essential for optimizing, redistributing and utilization of resources, specifically, a minimum of 38 dollars per person will achieve better health and productivity in SSA.
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    Value chain financing and profitability of edible oil manufacturing companies in South Africa.
    (2024) Aliamutu, Kansilembo Freddy.; Mkhize, Msizi Vitalis.
    The study aimed to evaluate the impact of Value Chain Financing on the profitability of edible oil manufacturing companies in South Africa. Utilising secondary data collected from the financial statements of edible oil manufacturing companies from 2012 to 2022. Throughout the research, a positivism paradigm was applied using a descriptive retrospective panel data approach. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between the value chain financing variables and the profitability of edible oil manufacturing companies in South Africa. The first objective was to ascertain the impact of financing in the raw material on the profitability of edible oil manufacturing companies in South Africa. This objective was achieved using descriptive statistics. The second objective was to assess the impact of financing in the working capital on the profitability of edible oil manufacturing companies in South Africa. This objective was achieved using correlation analysis between the variables. The third objective was to ascertain the impact of financing in the primary activities on the profitability of edible oil manufacturing companies in South Africa. The fourth objective was to determine the impact of financing in the support activities on the profitability of edible oil manufacturing companies in South Africa. The fifth objective was to establish the impact of firm characteristics on the link between financing in the value-chain and profitability in edible oil manufacturing companies in South Africa. The three last objectives used data panel regression for the period from 2012 to 2022. In this analysis, the study extends the Unit root test to confirm that the data was stationary; the multi-collinearity test to guarantee that the independent variables had not been correlated; the Hausman test aided in choosing the best model for the data among the fixed effect model with the random effect model; and the study included the Normality test to guarantee that the findings could be generalised and utilised in the edible oil industry. The study results suggest that value chain financing gave firms a competitive advantage amongst other competitors in the field and increased profitability.