Virology
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Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 sequencing using the ONT GridION and the Illumina MiSeq.
(2022)Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing pandemic that has spread rapidly around the world and has seen over 431 000 000 identified cases and 5 930 000 deaths caused by this disease by the end of January 2022. ... -
Central nervous system (CNS) derived human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype C long terminal repeat (LTR) genetic and functional variation mediates high viral load in this compartment of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) co-infected patients.
(2023)Background: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) ribonucleic acid (RNA) is characteristically lower in the central nervous system (CNS) than in plasma of antiretroviral treatment naïve patients. Paradoxically, ... -
Implementation of an efficient sample pooling strategy for high throughput diagnostic testing of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2.
(2022)The rapid identification and isolation of infected individuals remains a key strategy for controlling the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Frequent testing of populations to detect infection early in asymptomatic or presymptomatic ... -
Innovative and affordable HIV-1 drug resistance testing for resource limited settings.
(2022)Background: HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) remains a major threat to achieving sustainable viral suppression on antiretroviral treatment (ART). Most countries including those in resource limited settings (RLS) have adopted ... -
Investigating the impact of HIV infection on ILC3s in human lymph nodes.
(2022)People living with HIV (PLWH) develop extensive fibrosis and collagen deposition throughout their lymphoid tissues not reversed by antiretroviral therapy (ART). Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play essential roles in tissue ... -
Genetic characterization of viral blips in patients following suppressive HIV ART.
(2021)Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has resulted in the decline of HIV-related mortality worldwide. On initiating treatment, most patients can suppress plasma viral RNA to undetectable levels (<20 copies/mL). Patients on ART ... -
HIV-1 integrase inhibitor mutations: analysis of structural and biochemical effects.
(2021)Introduction. Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), composed of drugs from different drug classes, is an effective HIV-1 treatment strategy. As part of cART, integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) have become ... -
Biochemical characterization of highly mutated South African HIV-1 subtype C protease.
(2021)Understanding the underlying molecular mechanism of HIV-1 protease (PR) inhibition by HIV-1 protease inhibitors (PIs) is essential to gain mechanistic insight into the evolution of resistance to HIV-1 PIs. HIV-1 PIs have ... -
Prevention of HIV-1 acquisition and determinants of disease progression.
(2021)Introduction HIV-1 infection can be managed using multiple strategies, including preventative approaches and therapeutic approaches. Current preventative and treatment strategies are suboptimal and there is a need ... -
The role of Nef-mediated SERINC5 down-regulation on HIV-1 disease progression.
(2021)HIV-1 Nef is a small accessory protein that plays a vital role in enhancing HIV-1 pathogenesis, evidenced by a strongly attenuated disease course following infection with a virus with gross Nef defects. Nef has multiple ... -
The impact of antiretroviral therapy and Immunological factors on preterm and small for gestational age deliveries in HIV infected pregnant women.
(2020)Introduction Antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy may be associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm delivery (PTD) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) but the underlying ... -
HIV cell-to-cell spread leads to a differential transcriptional response and slows evolution of drug resistance relative to cell-free infection.
(2020)HIV transmits between hosts but also transmits between cells in the same host. How this latter, cellular transmission occurs has been the subject of extensive study. Yet why HIV transmits between cells using two different ... -
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell heterogeneity in peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar compartment: implications for TB and HIV immunity.
(2020)Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of infectious mortality globally and the leading cause of death in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Understanding the mechanisms leading to impaired anti-TB ... -
Pharmacokinetic influences of selected phytochemical compounds from herbal medicine used by HIV- positive patients on drugs-metabolising proteins of HIV-1 protease inhibitor drugs.
(2020)Introduction: Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest incidence of HIV/AIDS and AIDS-related deaths in the world. Although there is currently no cure for the disease, significant progress has been made in developing antiretroviral ... -
Cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects of Moringa Oleifera Lam.on hela cells.
(2021)Moringa oleifera Lam., known to most as the ‘drumstick tree’, is a non-fastidious botanical that is native to India, and is cultivated on a global scale as a sustainable crop, for sustenance, medicinal and beauty ... -
In vitro modelling of the impact of anti-inflammatory drugs on cellular cytotoxicity, activation and inflammation.
(2020)The relationship between inflammation and HIV has been a major focus of HIV research. In people living with HIV (PLWH), HIV-associated immune activation drives HIV disease progression. While genital inflammation has ... -
Gag-protease driven viral replication capacity among HIV-1 subtypes: Implications for disease progression, epidemic spread and vaccine design.
(2020)The HIV-1 epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa is heterogeneous with diverse unevenly distributed subtypes and regional differences in prevalence. Subtype-specific differences in disease progression rate and transmission efficiency ... -
Measuring HLA-B allele expression across differential cell types.
(2018)Background: The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region has shown to have the strongest disease associations and recent studies have shown that expression levels of these HLA molecules play a major role in the clinical course ... -
Identifying novel transcriptional regulatory elements of HLA-A alleles through the evaluation of the 5’ un-translated region sequences.
(2020)Sub-Saharan Africa holds approximately half the population living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the world (~19.6 million), of which around 7.2 million cases are found in South Africa. Although antiretroviral ... -
The HIV-1 gag and protease: exploring the coevolving nature and structural implications of complex drug resistance mutational patterns in subtype C.
(2019)Due to the high prevalence of HIV-1 subtype C infection coupled with increasing antiretroviral (ARV) drug treatment failure, the elucidation of complex resistance mutational patterns arsing through protein coevolution is ...
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