Paediatrics and Child Health
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Assessing reported adherence to antiretroviral therapy using the method of verbal recall in children from Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa.
(2017)Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest number of children living with HIV. HIV is one of the major causes of under-five mortality in Africa. Antiretroviral therapy in the paediatric population has improved mortality, led to a ... -
Severe acute malnutrition and antiretroviral treatment in children with HIV.
(2016)Background: Childhood malnutrition remains a common problem in many parts of the world and is a contributing factor in 45% of the 5.9 million annual deaths in children under 5 years. HIV-infected children have a ... -
Comparison of virological responses of children commenced on an abacavir versus stavudine based antiretroviral regimen at King Edward VIII Hospital : Durban.
(2016)Background: UNAIDS estimated that in 2014 just over 160 000 children in South Africa were receiving HAART, accounting for 20% of the global HAART cohort. Finding the appropriate HAART regimen that is safe, well tolerated ... -
The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of rapid point-of-care testing for CD4+ T cell count enumeration and TB diagnosis.
(2014)Objectives: The PIMA CD4+ T cell count analyser has been favourably evaluated for use in point-of-care (POC) situations in Mozambique and Zimbabwe, has also been recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO), however, ... -
Hepatitis B virus-associated membranous nephropathy.
(2002)Glomerulonephritis as an extra hepatic manifestation of chronic HBV infection has now been well documented [1,2,3,4,5]. HBV-associated nephropathy has been described in areas of both high and low endemicity [6]. In Africa ... -
Innate immune mechanisms in limiting HIV-1 pathogenesis among South African adults and mother-infant pairs.
(2012)This study was conducted to investigate the role of natural killer cell surface receptors, KIRs and their cognate HLA ligands in preventing HIV-1 acquisition and disease progression in HIV-1 exposed infants. Using DBS ... -
Cellular immunity, immune activation and regulation in HIV-1 infected mother-child pairs : what are the determinants of protective immunity.
(2011)Background: Prevention of Mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a significant challenge in resource-poor settings despite the advances in antiretroviral (ARV) treatment. HIV-1 ... -
The association of early neonatal feeding on clinical outcomes and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in HIV exposed low birth weight infants.
(2011)BACKGROUND Sub-saharan Africa remains to date at the forefront of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Despite breastfeeding being a significant mode of postnatal HIV transmission it remains the main nutritional source and pillar of ... -
The role of HLA-C restricted CD8+T cell responses in the control of HIV replication.
(2010)Certain HLA-B-restricted CD8+ T cell responses are associated with control of viremia whereas HLA-Cw* restricted responses, including Gag epitopes are associated with high viremia. To better understand the role of ... -
Coreceptor utilization and primary cell tropism by HIV-1 subtype C strains.
(2010)Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates can be differentiated based on their ability to use particular coreceptors – R5 viruses use CCR5, X4 viruses use CXCR4 and R5X4 (dual tropic) viruses use both CCR5 ... -
Is IMCI an effective mechanism for delivery of child survival interventions in a high HIV prevalence setting? : a study to determine the effectiveness of the Intergrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy in management of sick children in routine practise in primary health care clinics in South Africa
(2012)Introduction: Integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) is a child survival strategy that has been adopted in South Africa (SA) as the standard of care for managing sick children in the primary health care setting. ... -
Effect of infant feeding mode and maternal nutritional supplementation on the nutrition and health of HIV positive mothers and their infants.
(2012)Background: Breastfeeding is known to have benefits both for maternal and child health. Some questions around the benefits and risks of breastfeeding in the presence of HIV infection still remain unclear. Aims: ... -
Neutralizing antibody responses and viral evolution in a longitudinal cohort of HIV subtype C infected antiretroviral-naïve individuals.
(2011)Background: HIV-1 envelope (Env) diversity is arguably the most significant challenge for the development of an efficacious vaccine. An ideal vaccine would elicit the production of broadly neutralizing antibodies (nAb), ... -
Transmission rates of HIV-1 and the mortality rate in high risk infants exposed to HIV, in the PMTCT programme, at the Neonatal Unit, of King Edward VIII Hospital , Durban, South Africa.
(2012)Introduction. Previous studies have established that infants born to mothers with advanced HIV disease and co-infections are smaller, premature and have rapidly progressive HIV disease and an early death. King Edward ... -
Optimum timing for vitamin A supplementation in children with diarrhoea.
(2001)Vitamin A has well recognised benefits for the reduction in severity of diarrhoeal episodes but the impact of therapeutic doses given during diarrhoea on the biochemical and clinical outcomes is less clear. In this study ... -
Pertussis vaccination of African infants using acellular and whole-cell vaccines.
(1991)Conventional pertussis vaccine prepared from killed whole cell B. pertussis organisms has been in widespread use since the early 1950's. Despite marked reductions in the incidence of pertussis, the use of the vaccine has ... -
Investigation into optimal amikacin dosing in children.
(1996)Aminoglycoside antibacterial agents, such as amikacin, continue to play an important role in the treatment of Gram-negative infections. However, although extremely effective, they are not without potential adverse events, ... -
Epidemiological and clinical studies of vitamin A in Black South African pre-school children.
(1993)The ocular complications of vitamin A deficiency have been known for many years, however, recent studies have suggested that marginal vitamin A status enlarges the risk of common childhood infections and increases mortality. ... -
HIV-1 specific T-Cell responses in chronic HIV infected children during continuous treatment and structured treatment interruptions (STI).
(2010)BACKGROUND Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest number of HIV-infected individuals and limited treatment programs. The use of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) has resulted in a considerable decrease in morbidity ...
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