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Masters Degrees (Crop Science)

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Browsing Masters Degrees (Crop Science) by Subject "Agro-morhological diversity."

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    Morphological diversity, heritability, and selection of the first F7 improved Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) evaluated in South Africa.
    (2024) Mametja, Stuat Cheka.; Tafadzwa, Mabhaudhi.
    Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) is an underutilised legume crop that can improve food and nutrition security, especially in low-input farming systems. The specific objectives of the study were: (i) to evaluate the agro-morphological diversity of Bambara groundnut (BGN) recombinant inbred lines (RILs) using quantitative and qualitative traits, (ii) to determine genetic variance components among BGN RILs to guide future selection. The first study assessed the genetic diversity present among BGN genotypes using agro-morphological traits. Fifty-four BGN genotypes comprising 44 RILs developed from a cross between single genotype Tiga Nicuru (maternal) and Dip-C (paternal) lines and ten local checks were evaluated in three environments in the KwaZulu Natal province of South Africa. The genotypes were laid out using 6 x 18 alpha lattice block design replicated twice. The combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant (P < 0.01) difference among the genotypes for most of the agro-morphological traits, except for days to 50% emergence (DTE), days to 50% flowering (DTF), and plant spread (PS). The genotype by environment interaction effects were highly significant (P < 0.001) for seed length (SL), seed width (SW), grain yield (GY), unshelled grain yield (UGY), grain yield per plant (GYPP) and shelling percentage (SHLP). Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the first four principal components accounted for 79% of the total phenotypic variance observed. Hierarchical cluster analysis assigned the 54 BGN genotypes into six clusters. The second study assessed genetic variance parameters among the 44 RILs and ten local checks. Germination percentage recorded the highest broad-sense heritability (H2) estimate of 65%, while days to 50% flowering recorded the highest H2 (65%).GY recorded the highest phenotypic coefficient of variation (69.4%), genotypic coefficient of variance (44.8%), and genetic advance (59.5%). The best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) estimates revealed that the genotypes P3, G23, G1, G8 and LL4 were superior and high yielding. These genotypes should be recommended for further multilocational evaluations.