Browsing by Author "Nene, Khanyisile."
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Item The psychology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus: a systematic review of the affect that Human Immunodeficiency Virus /Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome has on the mental health of children and adolescents.(2022) Essop-Mansoor, Waseela.; Nene, Khanyisile.Background: Child and adolescent mental health (CAMH) is frequently neglected, although it is estimated that one in every five of them has a mental condition. Viruses like HIV is an example of a potential warning sign that can lead to a child or adolescent developing mental health problems. Method: This paper is a systematic review and narrative synthesis of quantitative studies conducted on HIV/AIDS and mental health in children and adolescents within the last decade (2012-2022). Databases such as Google Scholar, Ebscohost, Springer, Sabinet, GALE Cengage, APA PsycNet, and SAGE Research techniques were searched and a total of 16 empirical studies that examined the affect that a positive HIV diagnosis has on the mental health of youth were considered. Study components were recorded in the form of a matrix table which included: year of publication, authors, title of article, aims of the study, sample, socio-ecological level of influence, key findings as well as identified interventions. Conceptual content analysis was then applied as a method of studying and retrieving meaningful information such as the frequency of key mental health themes and mental health conditions pertaining to CAMH, that emerged in the primary literature, which was summarised in the matrix table. Results: A total of 90 articles were retrieved via an online desktop search and through rigorous screening based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 16 articles deemed eligible for inclusion and further analysis. Conclusion: An HIV positive (HIV+) diagnosis can influence CAMH on an individual-level, family-level, community-level and structural-level. In addition, CAMH can be affected by the cognitive, emotional, and/or behavioural viewpoint. Furthermore, several interventions that were identified on the various levels displayed on the socio-ecological model deem beneficial in enhancing the mental health of HIV+ children and adolescents.Item A social constructionist perspective of black female students' perceptions and management of risks of HIV/AIDS in sexual activity at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg campus.Nene, Khanyisile.; Van der Riet, Mary Boudine.Notwithstanding the increase in educational and preventative HIV/AIDS programmes, relatively little sexual behaviour change has been documented both locally and internationally. Insight about reasons for a lack of behaviour change in a context with a high HIV prevalence such as South Africa is thus critical. The aim of the study is to understand why it is that the rate of HIV infections amongst the student population remains high, particularly at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, despite the high exposure to HIV/AIDS prevention interventions/campaigns and also access to resources and educational programmes at this tertiary institution alone. In this study, the philosophical and methodological premise of social constructionism is adopted to potentially provide an alternative and significant conceptualisation of student sexual behaviour which has implications for understanding behaviour change in the field of HIV and AIDS. In this social constructionist study a sample of 9 Black African female university students from the University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg campus, South Africa, was used to investigate the social constructions of risks in sexual activity and their implication for sexual practice and the management of these risks among educated university students. The key findings of this study was that although the sexually active black African female student participants demonstrated basic knowledge about risks and management of risks in sexual activity, risky behaviour was common and protective behaviour was low. This was justified by a range of discourses that informed students’ social construction of sexual activity, perception and management of risk as constructed by participants. It is suggested that HIV/AIDS education and preventative programmes, in order to be effective and to result in observable behaviour change, including in educated youth, should be designed to address and challenge the wider social discourses surrounding sexual behaviour.