The attribution of intention to the behaviour of infants and young children, by naive observers.
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Date
1982
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Abstract
This thesis addresses itself to the problem of observing,
interpreting and explaining ongoing behaviour in the natural
environment. It maintains that the ,intention of the actor
is the primary characteristic of behaviour and is concerned
with how observers attribute intentions to the actions of others.
Naive observers were asked to segment the behaviour of infants
exhibited to them on a video tape and having done so to
describe that behaviour in their own terms.
The behaviour sequences selected for observation were relatively
"simple",i.e. the behaviour of infants and young children,
in order to gain some possible guidelines for a study of more
"complex" adult behaviour.
The sequences were interpreted on two levels, at the perceptual
level and at the level of meaning. It was assumed that by
instructing subjects to divide the observed behaviour into perceived
segments and subsequently to describe those segments, that
some guidelines as to how to proceed with a study of action would
emerge.
The findings suggest that "naive observers do identify meaningful
segments in the ongoing stream of behaviour but that inter-observer
agreement about the precise timing of the changes was
not high, a finding which differs from studies on adult behaviour.
Attributed meanings were also individual, suggesting that the
actions observed are not tied specifically to the physical movements
of the child but are subject to a range of meaning depending
on the observer's individual interpretation. General trends in
meaning were, however, observed for the children of different ages.
These trends were identified by categorizing the attributions into
"functional" categories, developed from a study of early utterances
and are assumed to be continuous with later "uses" that language
serves.
Description
Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1982.
Keywords
Infant psychology., Observation (Psychology), Behavioural assessment of children., Theses--Psychology.